XII. Proficiency Badges

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I. General Principles
II. General Organization
III. Warrants
IV. County Organisation
V. District Organisation
VI. Group Organization
VII. Uniform
VIII. Badges of Rank
IX. General Rules
X. Decorations & Awards
XI. Miscellaneous
XII. Proficiency Badges
Appendix A.
Appendix B.

Scout Books

Site Contents

PART XII.

PROFICIENCY BADGES.

GENERAL.

Method of obtaining

403.      Proficiency badges are obtained by L.A. Secretaries from I.H.Q. (Equipment Dept.) and issued by them to Scoutmasters on the recommendation of the examiner, as laid down in subsequent rules.

Protection

404.      Most of these badges bear the words "Boy Scouts" though this is not shown in the illustrations.  Such badges are accordingly protected as in Rule 23.

Method of examination

405.      (i)         The tests for these badges must, except where otherwise specified, be passed to the satisfaction of an independent and qualified Examiner appointed by the L.A. and D.C. under Rule 160.

(ii)         Where in any particular case opportunity may occur in camp or on some other special occasion for doing the practical part of any of the tests of any of the tests for the badges which by reason of the circumstances of the Group cannot be carried out in the course of its normal activities, the D.C. may at his discretion, authorise the Examiner to accept a certificate by the Scoutmaster in respect of certain specified parts of such tests.

Special tests

406.      Special tests for physically or mentally defective boys are available on application to I.H.Q., through the D.C.

CUBS

General scheme

407.      The general scheme of Cub proficiency badges is as follows:--

(1)        Two general proficiency badges - One Star Cub and Two Star Cub - the tests for which are set out in Rules 409 and 411, respectively.

(2)        Twelve special proficiency badges for different subjects, the tests for which are set out in Rules 414 and 425.  A Cub is allowed to win and wear not more than two special proficiency  badges after he has gained the One Star badge.

Method of wear

408.      Cub proficiency badges are worn on the right arm in parallel rows between the shoulder and elbow, except as follows:--

(1)        One Star is worn on the cap on the right of the Wolf's head badge.

(2)        Two Star is worn on the cap on the left of the Wolf's head badge.

One Star Cub

409.      Before awarding the First Star, the C.M. must satisfy himself that the Cub can repass his Tenderpad tests and pass the following tests:--

(1)        Know the composition of the Union Jack and the right way to fly it.

(2)        Be able to tie the following knots, and know their uses: Reef knot and sheet bend.

(3)        Turn a somersault.  Leapfrog over another boy of the same size.  Hop (not necessarily on the same foot) round a figure of eight course of approximately 25 yards.  Throw a ball, first with the right hand, then with the left, so that a boy ten yards away catches it four times out of six.  Catch a ball (either hand or both may be used) thrown to him from ten yards' distance four times out of six.

(4)        Skip with both feet together thirty times.  (It must be done backward on the toes with the knees slightly bent all the time; the Cub must turn the rope himself.)  Walk upright and with good carriage, carrying a weight on his head, for 20 yards.

(5)        Know how and why he should keep his hands and feet clean, his nails clean and cut, and his teeth clean; and why breathe through his nose; and be carrying these things out in practice.

(6)        Be able to tell the time by the clock.

(7)        Recite the first and third verses of "God Save the King."

(8)        Clean a pair of boots or shoes, fold his clothes neatly, and satisfy his C.M. that he is doing his best to keep the Pack Den tidy and to leave no litter anywhere.

(9)        Have at least 3 months' satisfactory service as a Cub.

410.      The First Star is granted by the L.A. on the recommendation of the C.M.

Two Star Cub

411.      Before awarding the Second Star, the C.M. must satisfy himself that the Cub can repass his Tenderpad and One Star tests and pass the following tests:--

(1)        Know the alphabet in Morse or Semaphore, and be able to send and read simple words slowly.  (If Semaphore is chosen, small flags may be desired; if Morse is chosen, flags should not be used.)

(2)        Use a compass to show a knowledge of the eight principal points.

(3)        Be able to tie the following knots and know their uses:  Clove hitch and bowline.

(4)        Understand the meaning of thrift in all things and be carrying it out in practice.

(5)        Produce a satisfactory model or article made entirely by himself in wood, metal, cardboard, clay, plasticine or similar substance; or an article knitted or netted, woven or carved; or a set of at least eight sketches drawn by himself in colours (chalk or paint) of National flags, or animals, or flowers, with their names clearly written.

(6)        Lay and light a fire indoors.  Run or cycle with a verbal message of not less than fifteen words, go by a certain route and deliver it correctly.  Be able to use the telephone; or where telephones are non-existent, know where and how to ask for assistance in an emergency (Ambulance, fFre, Police).

(7)        Perform toe-touching and knee-bending exercises as shown in "The Wolf Cub's Handbook."  Walk a plank 12 feet by 6 inches (the height of an ordinary table above the ground).

(8)        Show how to clean and tie up a cut finger, cover a scald or burn.  Understand the danger of dirt in a scratch.  Know the simple treatment for shock (not electric).  Understand the necessity for summoning adult help.

(9)        Have at least 9 months' satisfactory service as a Cub.

412.      The Second Star is granted by the L.A. on the recommendation of the C.M.

Grouping of Special Badges

413.      The twelve special proficiency badges are divided into four groups, as follows:--

(1)        Character.  Colour of  badge - blue.

Collector.  Observer.  Gardner .

(2)        Handcraft.  Colour of badge - yellow.

Artist.  Homecraft.  Toymaker.

(3)        Service.  Colour of badge - red.

First Aider.  Guide.  House Orderly.

(4)        Physical Health.  Colour of badge - green.

Athlete.  Swimmer.  Team Player.

Group 1 - Collector

414.      Must make a collection of one group of objects, neatly and systematically arranged, for a period of at least three months, and know something about them.  The nature of the collection should be chosen by the Cub.  Suggestions are as follows: Stamps, postmarks, picture postcards, cigarette cards, fruit papers, match box tops, crests, coins, feathers, leaves or flowers.  (For the purpose of the last two, photographic or carbon reproductions may be accepted.)

Or, Must keep a scrapbook diary of events, etc., for a period of at least three months.

Group 1 - Observer

415.      (1)        Have observed the appearance, and know something of the habits, of either:

(a)        Six animals, or

(b)        Six birds.

Or know the names and appearance of either:--

(c)        Six spring flowers, six summer flowers and six autumn flowers, or

(d)        Twelve trees or shrubs.

(2)        Find his way to an unknown spot, not more than 300 yards away, by following directions given to him by the examiner (either compass directions, or signs made on the ground, or landmarks, or a combination of these).

(3)        Must be able to play Kim's Game, nine objects out of twelve.  (It is preferable to select variations of this game which are not used in the Troop).

Group 1 - Gardner

416.      (1)        Must care for a patch of garden of at least 16 square feet for at least three months.

(2)        Must be able to name at least four of the following common growing specimens:--

(a)        Trees or shrubs, or

(b)        Flowers or vegetables.

(3)        Distinguish and name four common words, and be able to use the following tools:  Spade, fork, hoe, trowel, rake.

(4)        With the help of seedsmen's catalogues or gardening magazines, make a scrapbook of not more than six pages, one page to each month, of either flowers or vegetables planted or flowering in that month.  A minimum of twelve subjects to be shown.

In case of town Packs where patches of garden are impossible, the following alternatives can be taken in place of (1) and (3):--

(5)        Must care for a window-box for three months.

(6)        Must grow two of the following:--

            (a)        A bulb in water, peat moss, sand, or soil.

            (b)        A chestnut or acorn in water, sand, peat moss, or soil.

            (c)        Mustard and cress, peas, or beans, on flannel.

Group 2 - Artist

417.      (1)        Must draw with pencil, brush, pen, or crayon an original illustration of any incident or character in a simple story (size not less than 7 by 5 inches.).

(2)       In addition, do two of the following:--

(a)        Draw from life or memory, in pen and ink or pencil, any animal or human being he has seen.

(b)        Draw from nature a landscape or still-life group.

(c)        Keep a sketch book for a period of three months.

(d)        Illustrate a story by means of match-stick figures in a series of not less than four pictures.

(e)        Make a simple greeting card, using pencil, brush, pen or crayon.

(Note.-The natural bent of the boy is to be encouraged in every way; the spirit and intention of the work to count as much as adherence to academic rules.)

Group a - Homecraft

418.      Must thread a needle and sew on a button, and carry out any two of the following tests:--

(1)        Knit a useful article.

(2)        Make a piece of netting (to put over seeds, for a bag, etc.)

(3)        Work a design in cross-stitch on canvas.

(4)        Make a rug or mat on canvas or hessian.

(5)        Darn a hole in jersey or stocking, or mend a tear.

(6)        Wash and iron his scarf.

(7)        Make a basket.

(8)        Weave a useful article in raffia.

Group 2 - Toymaker

419.      Make an article from odds and ends, such as fir-cones, clothes pegs, etc., and either a toy of reasonable size, such as a boat, engine, motor-car, doll or animal, or in reasonably correct proportions and colouring, a composite toy such as a farmyard, jungle, ark with animals, cottage with furniture, or station.

(Note.-An article presented for the Two Star Test (5) must not be admitted for any part of this badge.)

Group 3 - First Aider

420.      (1)        Know how to "clean-up" and treat a graze.

(2)        Be able to dress and bandage a hand and cut knee and put on a large arm sling correctly.

(3)        Know the treatment for stopping bleeding from the nose.

(4)        Know how to extinguish clothes that have caught fire; and how to treat minor burns and scalds.

(5)        Show that he understands the need for summoning help.

(6)        Know the simple treatment for shock (not electric).

Group 3 - Guide

421.      (1)        Be able to give clear directions to a stranger asking his way, well expressed and distinctly spoken; and be capable of doing so politely and promptly.

(3)        Know the whereabouts of the nearest police station or box, doctor, chemist, public telephone, fire alarm, railway station, petrol station, motor garage and hotel.

(4)        Know how to call for Fire, Police, Ambulance.

(5)        In towns: Know the number, if any, and at least two places each way on the route of the local buses or trams up to a maximum of four routes.

In country: Know the route of the local bus or buses.

Group 3 - House Orderly

422.      (1)        Make a good pot of tea, and fry or poach an egg.

(3)        Make up a bed, wash up crockery, utensils, etc.

(4)        Clean windows and brasswork.

(5)        Sweep and dust a room, or scrub a table.

Group 4 - Athlete

423.      These tests are divided into two classes, A and B.  Class A is for Cubs from 8-10 years of age; B for those 10-12.  The tests are of the same nature in both classes, but the standards are different.

(Note. - The average height of Cubs in Class A is 4 ft. 1 in.  If a Cub in Class A is unusually developed (not only in height) he shall be judged in Class B.)

Class A.

Must be able:--

To sprint 50 yards in 10 seconds.

To jump 2 ft 6 in. (high jump).

To jump 6 ft. (long jump).

To climb a tree at least 15 ft., or climb a rope at least 10 ft.

To throw a cricket ball 20 yards, and catch one thrown from 10 yards.

Class B.

Must be able:--

To sprint 60 yards in 10 seconds.

To jump 2 ft 8 in. (high jump).

To jump 7 ft. 6 in. (long jump).

To climb a tree at least 15 ft., or climb a rope at least 10 ft.

To throw a cricket ball 30 yards, and catch one thrown from 15 yards.

Group 4 - Swimmer

424.      (1)        Must be able to swim 25 yards (any stroke).

(2)        Be able to float on back for 60 seconds in salt water or 30 seconds in fresh water, or tread water for two minutes in salt water or one minute in fresh water.

(3)        Swim on back for 15 yards (any stroke).

(4)        Be able to "ducks dive" (i.e., dive while standing in the water or swimming). Or (as alternative), perform a "honey-pot," (i.e., jump with with arms clasped round knees) from a board, bank, or boat.

Group 4 - Team player

425.      Must be a regular playing member of a properly organised team of football, rounders, cricket or some other organised game of a similar nature.  (The team must be under the control of the C.M., the boy's schoolmaster, or other person approved by the C.M.)  Must have played in at least six matches and must be specially recommended by his captain and by the person responsible for the team as being a keen, sportsmanlike player.

SCOUTS.

General scheme

426.      The general scheme of Scout proficiency badges is as follows:--

(1)        Two general proficiency badges - Second Class Scout and First Class Scout - the tests for which are set out in Rules 428 and 430, respectively.

(2)        71 special proficiency badges for different subjects, the tests for which, in alphabetical order, are set out in Rules 437-507, but none of these badges may be worn until the Second Class has been gained.

(3)        Three additional proficiency badges, based on the holding of certain badges under (2) above - King's Scout, All Round Cords, and Bushman's Thong--details of which are set out in Rules 432-434.

(4)        Scouts may not wear Proficiency Badges gained as Cubs.

Method of wear

427.      Scout proficiency badges are worn on the right arm in parallel rows between the shoulder and the elbow, except as follows:--

(1)        The Second Class badge is worn on the left arm between the shoulder and the elbow.

(2)        The First Class badge is worn when gained in the place of the Second Class.

(3)        The Ambulance Man badge is the only badge worn on both arms.  It must be worn as the top badge nearest the shoulder, whenever gained.

(4)        Those special proficiency badges which qualify for King's Scout (i.e., those based on public service and marked with an asterisk, as stated in Rule 436) are worn on the left arm, as and when they are acquired.

(5)        The King's Scout badge is worn on the left arm above the First Class Badge, and surrounded by the qualifying badges.

(6)        All round cords are worn round the right shoulder in addition to all Round Cords, if both are held.

Second Class Scout

428.      Before being awarded the Second Class Badge, the Scout must pass the following tests:--

(1)        First Aid.  Know the general rules of health as given in "Scouting for Boys."  Campfire Yarn 18.

            Be able to deal with the following:--

                        Cuts and Scratches.

                        Sprains.

                        Burns and Scalds.

                        Bleeding from the nose.

                        Stings and bites.

                        Sunburning, avoidance and treatment.

            Know how to clean a wound and apply a clean dressing.

            Have a knowledge of the triangular bandage as a large and small sling and as applied to knee, head, and foot; and understand the importance of summoning adult help and treating for shock (not electric).

(2)        Signaling.  Know the Semaphore or Morse sign for every letter in the alphabet and for the numerals, and be able to send and receive a simple message.  He must also understand the use of the calling up sign and its answer, the general answer, the end of message sign and its answer, and the cease signal.

(3)        Observation.  Follow a trail half a mile in 15 minutes; or if this be impossible, describe satisfactorily the contents of one shop window out of four, observed for one minute each, or Kim's Game, to remember 16 out of 24 well-assorted small articles after one minute's observation.  Go a mile at Scout's Pace.

            Note.-It is wise that boys should be trained in both following a trail and Kim's Game.

(4)        Pioneering.  Demonstrate correctly the following:--

(a)        Square and diagonal lashings.

(b)        Timber hitch, rolling hitch and fisherman's knot.

(5)        Firelighting.  Lay and light a wood fire in the open, using not more than two matches, natural timber to be used wherever possible.

(6)        Cooking.  Cook a quarter of a pound of meat and two potatoes, without cooking utensils other than a billy can, over a wood fire in the open.

(7)        Axemanship.  Know the safety rules and care of a hand axe and knife.

Demonstrate the correct ways of chopping firewood.

(8)        Compass.  Demonstrate the practical use of a compass and know the 16  principle points.

(9)        Service.  Have at least one month's satisfactory service as a Tenderfoot and satisfy the S.M. that he can repass his Tenderfoot tests.

429.      The badge is granted by the L.A. on the recommendation of the S.M. who acts as examiner.

First Class Scout

430.      Before being awarded the First Class Badge, a Second Class Scout must have attained the age of 14 years, and satisfy his S.M. that he can pass his Tenderfoot and Second Class tests: and pass the following tests:--

(1)        Swimming.  Swim 50 yards.  If a doctor certifies that bathing is dangerous to the boy's health he must, instead of this, pass one of the following badges:--

            Camper, Handyman, Healthyman, Naturalist, Pioneer, Stalker, Starman, or Tracker.

(2)        Pioneering.  Demonstrate correctly the following:--

(a)        Shear lashing.

(b)        Back and eye splices.

(c)        Fireman's chair knot and man harness knot.

(3)        Signalling.  Send and receive a message either in semaphore, at rate four (twenty letters a minute), or in Morse, at rate three (fifteen letters a minute).  He must also understand the alphabetical check for numerals.

(4)        Estimation.  Estimate without apparatus, distance, numbers and height within 25 percent, error each side.

(5)        First Aid.  Know the position of the main arteries (names unnecessary) and be able to stop bleeding; how to recognise and apply First Aid to fractured arm, fore-arm, and collar bone, and the importance of not moving other suspected fractures; and the proper method of dealing with any of the following emergencies:--

Fire, drowning, fainting, ice breaking, electric shock, grit in the eye, fits.

Be able to throw a lifeline with reasonable accuracy.

(6)        Cooking.  Cook satisfactorily (over a wood fire in the open) two of the following dishes: Porridge, bacon, hunter's stew-as may be directed; or skin and cook a rabbit; or pluck and cook a bird; also make a "damper" or a "twist" baked on a thick stick.

(7)        Mapping.  Read and be able to use a on-inch Ordnance Survey map (or its local equivalent) and draw an intelligible rough sketch map.  Use a compass and point out a compass direction by day or night without the help of a compass.

(8)        Axemanship.  Use a felling axe for felling or trimming light timber, or, if this be impracticable, be able to log up a piece of timber and demonstrate the theory of felling a tree.

(The term "felling axe" includes both three-quarter and half size.)

(9)        Journey.  Go on foot or row a boat, alone or with another Scout, for a total distance of fourteen miles, or ride an animal or bicycle (not motor) a distance of thirty miles; he must write a short report of the journey with special attention to any points to which he may be directed by the Examiner or his Scoutmaster (a route map of the journey is not required).  The journey should occupy about twenty-four hours and camping kit for the night must be taken and used.  Whenever practicable, the camp site must be of the Scout's own choosing, and not where other Scouts are camping.  His S.M. or Examiner may indicate the route and suggest the approximate area but not the actual position where he will make his camp.  In abnormal circumstances the L.A. may give permission for the paragraph to be made easier to exceptional cases.  This test should normally be the final one taken for the First -Class badge.

431.      Where thought desirable, the L.A. or D.C. may authorise the boy's own S.M. to examine in tests 1,2,4, and 6.  (See Rule 405 (ii).

King's Scout

432.      (1)        Must be a First Class Scout, qualified to wear four of the following badges, of which Ambulance Man and either Pathfinder, Coast Watchman or Pilot are obligatory: Airman, *Ambulance Man, Climber, Coast Watchman,  Cyclist, Fireman, Handyman, Horseman, *Interpreter, Oarsman, *Pathfinder, Pilot, Public Health Man, Rescuer, *Signaller.

(2)        He must be repassed in all his qualifying badges once between twelve and eighteen months from the date of his being awarded the badge, except in the case of those badges which are marked with an asterisk, i.e., Ambulance Man, Interpreter, Pathfinder, and Signaller, which must be repassed annually in accordance with Rule 436.  The re-examination is normally carried out by an independent examiner, but in the case of those badges in italics the re-examination may be made by the S.M. or any other warranted Scouter.  He must cease to wear the King's Scout badge should he fail in any of them.

Bushman's Thong

433.      First Class Scouts who hold the Camper badge, together with one of the following: Explorer, Stalker, or Tracker, and also one  of the following: Forester, Naturalist, Pioneer, Starman, Weatherman, are entitled to wear the Bushman's Thong, consisting of a leather thong on the right shoulder.

All-round Cords

434.      Scouts are entitled to wear any one of the following grades of All-round cords for which they are qualified:--

(1)        Green and Yellow.  For holders of six of the special proficiency badges.  Open to First Class Scouts only.

(2)        Red and White.  For holder of 12 of the special proficiency badges.  Open to King's Scouts only.

(3)        Gold.  For holder of 18 of the special proficiency badges.  Open to King's Scouts only.

Alternative tests for special Badges

435.      In respect of the special proficiency badges, L.As. may be authorised by the C.C. to grant the badges on tests other than those presented in Rules 437-507, provided that the tests-

(1)        Are laid down by the Public Education Authority in the County or Borough;

(2)        Are not easier than the tests in the Rules;

(3)        Fulfill the same general purpose.

Annual tests

436.      The badges, the tests for which are marked with an asterisk in the following Rules, must be repassed annually.  

[Special Proficiency Badges]

Airman

437.      (1)        Airman.  Know the proper conduct to adopt, and the ordinary safety precautions to follow, when on an aerodrome or near flying machines.

Indicate wind direction for landing both by day and night, and assist in taxi-ing and tethering an aeroplane.

Use chocks and improvise them.  Understand the importance of keeping people away from an aeroplane when stationary or moving and the necessity of leaving a wrecked machine and/or parts thereof undisturbed until Police or officials arrive.

Show what constitutes a reasonable landing ground, and name three possible landing-grounds in the neighborhood; also know the compass direction of principal aerodromes within 50 miles of Troop Headquarters.

(2)        Know the national markings, both service and civil, of the areoplanes of at least six foreign countries, preferably those countries nearest his own, or whose machines make regular visits to his country.

From observation have recorded the passing of a number of aeroplanes, stating where possible date, time and place seen, direction which flying, whether service or civil - number of engines , monoplane or biplane, approximate height, state of weather, country of origin and, in the case of civil machines, rough lettering.

(3)        Have a knowledge of the theory of flight and aero engines.

(4)        Make a model of -

Either an aeroplane which will fly at least 25 yards;

Or a glider weighing not less than 1 lb., which will glide at least 100 yards.

Or a well finished scale model of an aeroplane.

Ambulance Man

438.      (Alternative designs may be sanctioned for non-Christian countries).

(1)        A Scout must have attained the age of 14 years.

(2)        Must be able to answer questions form Second and First Class Ambulance.

(3)        Know the position of the main arteries, and know how to stop bleeding from veins and arteries, internal or external.

(4)        Improvise splints and diagnose a broken limb.

(5)        Must know how to deal with choking.

(6)        Must know how to distinguish between fainting, apoplexy and drunkenness, fits and concussion, and the appropriate treatment for each.

(7)        Demonstrate the Schäfer method of artificial respiration.

(8)        Demonstrate how to improvise a stretcher, and apply a roller bandage.

(9)        Demonstrate how to send a correct message, verbal, written or by telephone.

"A Scout who has passed the examination for the St. John Senior Badge is entitled to this badge provided that he also passes in the last section of the above test.)

Artist

439.      Show that he takes an interest in, has practiced, and gained proficiency in som form of one of the following:--

(1)        Graphic art: drawing, painting, etching. Woodcuts, etc.

(2)        Decorative work: designing for wall papaers, posters, book jackets, stained glass, wrought iron, etc.

(3)        Plastic art: modeling, pottery, etc.

(4)        Carving: wood, stone, etc.

In no case is the work to be a copy and he must be prepared to state on his honor that the work is entirely by his own hand.

Athlete  

440.      (1)        Demonstrate the proper method of sitting, standing, walking, running and starting in a race.

(2)        Give evidence of proper training and of taking regular bodily outdoor exercise.

(3)        Pass two running tests, and two jumping tests, according to his weight in the following schedule.  

Two attempts at the two jumps chosen. 

One attempt at the two running tests chosen.

Backwoodsman

441       (1)        Make a satisfactory shelter for two people out of natural materials and sleep in it, preferably alone or with another Scout, other than a First-Class Scout.

(2)        Skin and cook a rabbit and cure the pelt; or cook a fowl in clay.

(3)        Camp for not less than two nights, preferably alone or with another Scout, other than a First-Class Scout, and with other Scouts for not less than four week-ends during the twelve months preceding his examination; and outside the immediate surroundings of his home.

Note. - Troop camps not to count.

(4)        Prove his skill in finding his way alone across unknown country without using maps or roads or making enquiries, to a point invisible from his start.

(a)        by compass and by day a distance of not less than three miles.

(b)        Without compass and by stars a distance of not less than one mile.

(5)        Know the local varieties of timber and their respective values for burning.

(6)        Have attained First-Class standard in axemanship and pioneering.

(7)        Know how to use a First-Aid box and the dangers of, and methods of purifying, contaminated drinking water.

Basket Worker

442.    (1)          Have a general knowledge of the raw material used in one or other of the branches covered by the badge.

            (2)        Know where the raw material is obtained and how prepared for working.

(3)        Produce an article of practical use in either basket, cane, rush or straw work, made entirely by himself.

Bee-master

443.      Have a knowledge gained in practice of swarming, hiving, hives, artificial feeding and bee management generally.

Bird Warden

444.    (1)          In his own district, with regard to bird life in general, know the chief  dangers (including egg collectors) to which it is exposed; any social customs, ideas or superstitions which threaten its existence; and any laws passed, or practical steps taken, to protect it.

           (2)         Have a practical knowledge of the construction of three types of nest boxes for different species of birds, and how they should be used to the best advantage.

           (3)         Have fed birds in his district for at least one year by means of food houses, food tables or food sticks.

           (4)         Produce a notebook of, and be familiar with, the habits, calls and appearance (plumage, size, etc.) of at least 12 distinct varieties of birds in his district.

           (5)         Have kept a rcord of birds and nests in his district for over a year, giving such particulars as:--

                        Species of birds.  Date when first seen or heard.

                        Date of finding nest.  Kind of tree or bush or tussock.

                        Height above ground.  Number of eggs or young.

                        Date of leaving nest.  Remarks.

Blacksmith

445.    (1)          Forge iron to simple forms, viz. hook, ring, staple, holdfast, or pipe-hook, and weld together two pieces of iron.

(2)        Make a common welded eye bolt to given dimensions out of a ½" or 5/8" round iron.  Make a bracket to a given angle, not necessarily a right angle.

(3)        Know how to use a light sledge hammer and to temper a cold chisel.

446.      (1)        Hold the Oarsman badge.

            (2)        Sail a boat, tack, wear, reef, make and shorten sail.

            (3)        Bend sails and make them up for stowing away.

(4)        Distinguish by their rig or outline the usual types of present-day sailing and steam vessels.

(5)        Know the use of, and the way to construct, a sea anchor.

(6)        Know the rule of the road at sea.

Bookbinder

447.      Perform the following operations in the binding of a book:--

Camper

448.      (1)        Know what are the normal requirements in regard to:--

Personal kit for a week's camp.

Personal kit for a week-end hike or cruise.

The equipment and rations for a week-end Patrol Camp or cruise  (7 boys).

(2)        Either know the principle points to look for in the selection of a   Patrol or Troop camp site, and describe with rough plan how he would lay out a Patrol camp with reference to tent, kitchen, sanitation, etc.,

   or      know how to select an anchorage, mooring, or berth for:--

            A rowing boat or sailing vessel.

            A sea-going vessel.

(3)        Demonstrate that he:--

                        Understands the use and care of an axe.

Understands the uses of, and can tie, the following knots in addition to the Tenderfoot and Second Class knots: slip reef, double sheet bend, figure of eight, bowline on a bight, and man-harness hitch.

(4)        Demonstrate how to pitch, strike, pack, and execute petty repairs to a Patrol tent.

(5)        Show that he has a satisfactory knowledge of camp cookery, and understands the proper methods of storing food and how to dispose of refuse.

(6)        Have camped under canvas or on board ship or boat with his Troop or Patrol for not less than eighteen nights, and have camped out alone, or with one other Scout, for at least three nights, not necessarily consecutive in either case.

Carpenter

449.      (1)        Drive in screws up to 1½ inches without damage to wood or screws.

(3)        Nail on a packing case lid correctly, using ½ -inch wood and 1½-inch nails.

(4)        Sharpen a chisel and plane-iron, make a housing, tenon and mortice, and halved joint.

(5)        Either dove-tail two pieces of wood together with not less than five dove-tails, or make a properly framed stool, chair, or other piece of framed furniture.

(6)        Distinguish woods in local use and know the nature and common uses of each.

Clerk

450.      (1)        Pass tests in handwriting, hand-printing, typewriting, shorthand - 20 words a minute as a minimum - writing a letter from memory on a subject given verbally five minutes previously, and simple book-keeping.

(2)        Have a knowledge of postal and telegraph rates, copying and filing of correspondence, and use and misuse of the telephone.

Climber

451.      (1)        Have attained the age of 14 years.

(2)        Have a knowledge of a mountain area covering at least 25 square miles, and show that he is personally acquainted with the principle routes to the summit of peaks and to points of interest, the nearest telephone and doctor to any point in the area, inns and places or refreshment.  Draw an intelligible sketch map showing such information, and identify peaks from a distance by their appearance.

(3)        Find his way to a given point in a mountainous area, using a one-inch Ordnance Survey map or its local equivalent, and compass, and display mountaineering ability.

(4)        Know the local weather conditions, and what to do in emergencies, such as being overtaken by darkness or mist.

(5)        Have a knowledge of the First Aid treatment of fractures, bruises, concussion and shock.

Note. - It is left to the discretion of the D.C. of the area selected to define the country of which a knowledge is expected so as to exclude any particularly dangerous parts and to make the knowledge really useful to others who are likely to be in the district.  Scouts should be tested by an Examiner in the area selected, and the certificate forwarded by the S.M. to the L.A. of the Scout's home district.

Coast Watchman

452.      Have a thorough knowledge of:--

(1)        The general distress signals for surface vessels and aircraft.

(2)        The letter or numeral represented by each flag in the International Code.  Read and distinguish "V" in Morse (sound or flash)-"I want assistance."  Be able to make "U" (sound or flash)-"You are standing in to danger."

(3)        The best landing places for boats, and where they can find shelter in bad weather, and how to indicate to a boat the best place to land or that landing is dangerous.

(4)        Where bathing places are safe, and where dangers exist, such as quicksands and places where visitors are likely to be cut off by the tide, and what to do if they get into difficulties.  Dangerous cliffs and where lifelines, etc., can be obtained.

(5)        The beacons, storm signals, coast guard stations, lifeboats and rocket apparatus, the nearest telegraph offices, telephones, hospitals, and addresses of doctors available at each point.

Have a general knowledge of:

(6)        The tides and tidal streams, and outlying dangers within visual distance of a selected position on the coast near his Headquarters.

(7)        The rise and fall of tides, both spring and neap, and how to ascertain the times of high and low water from local tide tables.

(8)        The lighthouses and light-vessels which can be seen from his strip of coast, and the lights they exhibit.

(9)        The proper treatment for oiled sea-birds.

Cook

453.      (1)        make a camp kitchen with open fire and other necessaries, and prepare therein the following dishes: Stew, roast meat, vegetables, scrambled eggs, milk pudding, stewed fruit, or any dishes which the Examiner may consider equivalent.  Make tea, coffee, cocoa, and a "damper" or "twist."

(2)        Know how to store provisions in a hygienic manner and bring proof that he has cooked satisfactorily for a Patrol or Troop in camp for not less than one complete day.

Cyclist

454.      (1)        Sign a certificate that he owns, or has the use of, and has had the use of for at least six months, a bicycle or motor cycle, in good working order, correctly equipped with lamp, bell or horn, rear reflector or rear lamp, and pump, and that he is able and willing to use it in the King's service if called upon at any time in case of emergency.

(2)        Ride his machine satisfactorily and keep it in repair and good running order and, in the case of a pedal cycle, show that he can mount and dismount neatly by either pedal.

(3)        Mend a puncture, remove and replace a brake and wheel and adjust any part of his machine to the Examiner's satisfaction.

(4)        Know the Highway Code, traffic signals, correct time for lighting up-i.e., time after sunset-the signs of the C.T.C. and N.C.U. or A.A. and R.A.C., understand the system of road numbering, and be able to read a road map.

(5)        Repeat correctly a verbal message after a ride of at least one hour's duration.

(6)        Inform the Examiner that he has made use of his machine in the last six months.

(On ceasing to own, or have the use of, a bicycle or motor bicycle he must hand in his badge.)

Dairyman

455.      (1)        Have a knowledge gained by practice of management of dairy cattle, milking, making butter and cheese, sterilization of milk, care of dairy utensils and appliances.

(2)        As an alternative to cheese making: be able to make scalded cream by the Cornish or Devonshire system.

Debater

456.      (1)        Propose at least two motions and oppose at least two others in properly conducted debates.

(2)        Speak in the course of a debate in the presence of the Examiner for at least five minutes on the subject under discussion under discussion; have prepared the subject thoroughly and have submitted concise and orderly notes for his speech.

(3)        Know the ordinary rules of debate and the duties and powers of the chairman.

Electrician

457.      (1)        Have an elementary knowledge of the terms and measurements used in electrical work.

(2)        Make connections in electric wiring and replace defective switches, lamp-holders and fuse wires correctly.

(3)        Know the construction of primary cells, electric bells, telephones, motors and dynamos and make a simple electro-magnet.

Engineer

458.      (1)        Have a clear idea of the working of steam and internal combustion engines and know the names and functions of all the principle parts in one of either kind.

(2)        Use a hammer, file, chisel, spanner, and stock and die accurately, and temper and grind a tool for its special use.

(3)        Understand a simple mechanical drawing.

Entertainer

459.      (1)        Entertain by himself for at least 10 minutes with a varied programme from the following: Recitations, songs, conjuring tricks, character sketches, stories, ventriloquism, stump speeches, step-dancing, playing the banjo, penny whistle, mouth organ, etc.; or rehearse and present a play for his Patrol, lasting not less than 20 minutes; or be judged by his performance in a play or Group show.

(2)        The performance in each of these cases shall have taken place before a mixed audience, and to the satisfaction of an independent Examiner.

Explorer

460.      (1)        Either have thoroughly explored within a period of 12 months an area of at least three miles radius (preferably round his own home or Headquarters) for one of the following objects:

Tracing out all footpaths, bridlepaths and waterways shown on past and present maps, and reporting on their present existence and condition.

Preparing a full report on the industries of the locality, the nature of the agriculture, making an approximate estimate of the amount of arable land and land under pasture, and the use to which it is put.

Making a full report on the history of the area, giving particulars and history of any antiquities or places of special interest and the extent to which it is disfigured by advertising, etc.

Preparing a report on the trees, flowers, birds and animals common to the area.

(2)        Or have a sound knowledge of not less than five miles of a navigable river or canal, including knowledge of tides, channels, shoals or mudbanks, where tides are strongest, mooring places, local rules and customs, including local "rule of the road" and Conservancy regulations affecting use of the waterway by Scouts (e.g., restrictions of bathing, prevention of river pollution), and know where special dangers (if any) exist.

                        Know of two camping sites adjacent to mooring places within the area, with names and addresses of owners and where drinking water and supplies are obtainable.

                        Note.-In all cases a log of his expeditions must be submitted, giving mileage, and accompanied, as far as possible, by explanatory sketches, photographs, maps, etc.

Farmer

461.      (1)        Have a knowledge gained by practice of the work of one of the following: Horseman, or Shepherd, or Cattleman.

(2)        Have a knowledge of farm machinery, hay making, sowing, reaping, loading, stacking and thatching, and an acquaintance with the routine seasonal work on a farm, including the care of cattle, horses, sheep and pigs.

                        Note.-The Examiner should pay special attention to the customs of the locality and not expect a Scout to have practical knowledge of work which is not done in his neighborhood.

Fireman

462.      Know.-

(1)        The danger of inflammable household articles, such as oil lamps, spirit stoves, flannelette, Christmas decorations, cotton wool, celluloid, and of the focusing of the sun's rays.

(2)        How to trace an escape of gas and know the danger of faulty electric insulation.

(3)        The first steps to take on an outbreak of fire, methods of calling the Fire Brigade and Ambulance, position of nearest alarms to home and Headquarters, and what to do pending arrival.

(4)        How to use at least two common types of extinguishers, buckets, and bucket-chains.

(5)        How to deal with the following types of fire: Clothes, petrol, and spirit, chimney, motor-car, curtain, electric, heath, grass and rick fires.

(6)        Use of scrum to keep back crowd, carrying of injured, improvising ropes, chair knot, lowering by lines, jumping sheet, crawling through smoke.  How to drag insensible persons, prevent panic, and rescue horses.

(7)        If possible, use of hose, hydrants, and chutes wherever instruction can be obtained.

Folk Dancer

463.      (1)        Dance 6 folk dances from the books of the recognised folk Dance Society of his country, three of these to be country dances and the others such as jigs, morris, reels and sword dances.

(2)        Take a really efficient part with a folk dance team.

Note.-The Examiner should normally be approved by the nearest branch of a recognised Folk Dancing Society, or give other proof that he is suitably qualified for the purpose.

Forester

464.      (1)        Know from practical observation how to rear young trees, including preparation of soil, how and when to transplant, and the right reason for thinning and felling.

(2)        Know generally how a tree lives and produces its species, how to deal with wounds and have a knowledge of the agencies which cause them.  Understand the danger of fire in forests.

(3)        Have a knowledge of the growth and development of 12 different species of trees in the locality, and be able to recognise them at a distance, at any season of the year, as well as by the bark, leaf, and fruit; and know their chief respective uses when converted into timber.

(4)        Know the normal types of axes in general use and name their parts.  Know how to select an axe, how to take care of it, and the safety rules of axemanship.

(5)        Use a felling axe to fell a tree of at least 36-inch girth and understand the use of cross-cut saw and wedges.

(6)        Know the general principles of felling, trimming, logging-up, moving and stacking timber.

(7)        Calculate the amount of useful timber in a given tree.

Friend to animals

465.      (1)        Have a general knowledge of the habits, food, and all that tends to the well-being of the following animals:-- Horse, cow, or donkey, sheep or goat, dog, cat and rabbit, and be able to recognise any form of cruelty or ill-use to which they are subject.

(2)        Know, in respect of any one of the above animals, the usual minor ailments to which it is liable, and what simple remedies may be employed.

(3)        Either have a knowledge of the care of such birds, insects or reptiles as are generally kept either as pets or for domestic purposes:

or, have kept a pet in good condition of comfort and health for at least 12 months.

(4)        Have an elementary knowledge of what to do in cases of accident to animals; also of any laws passed for their protection, and of the powers of the police with regard to them.

Gardner

466.      (1)       Dig a piece of ground not less than 144 square feet, plant and grow successfully six kinds of vegetables or flowers from seeds or cuttings.

(2)        Know the names of twelve plants pointed out in an ordinary garden, and understand what is meant by pruning, budding, grafting and manuring.

Handyman

467.      Be able to do 10 out of the following, at least three of which (selected by the Examiner) must be demonstrated:--

(1)        Paint a door or similar object.

(2)        Whitewash or distemper a wall or ceiling.

(3)        Clean and adjust gas fittings and replace mantles.

(4)        Replace electric light bulbs, lamp-shades and fuses.

(5)        Replace a tap-washer and adjust a ball-cock.

(6)        Hang pictures and fix curtain rods.

(7)        Fix, repair and adjust blinds.

(8)        Take up, beat and relay a carpet.

(9)        Repair furniture, upholstery or china.

(10)       Sharpen knives.

(11)       Glaze a window.

(12)       Top up and care for an accumulator.

(13)       Replace a sash cord.

(14)       Replace a spring in a door lock.

(15)       Know what immediate steps to take in the case of a burst water-pipe or gas leak.

(16)       Hang wall-paper.

(17)       Attend to stopped gutters, waste pipes and frozen pipes.

Healthyman

468.      (1)        Know the importance of keeping the heart, lungs, skin, teeth, feet and stomach, and the organs of special senses (eyes, ears and nose) in good working order, and the principle dangers to be guarded against.

(2)        Give general rules governing eating, drinking, breathing, sleeping, cleanliness and exercising; give evidence of observance of these rules for at least 12 months.

(3)        Know the dangers incurred in the use of tobacco and alcohol, and the breaking of the 10th Scout Law; the danger of over-training the body, and of the continual use of one form of exercise.

(4)        Train a Patrol in simple exercises suitable for strengthening all parts of the body, and give reasons for each exercise.

Horseman

469.      (1)        Either in case of light horses, ride at all paces and jump an ordinary fence on horseback; saddle and bridle a horse correctly and show a horse "in hand," or, in the case of heavy draught horses or vanners, know how to harness them in single and double harness for cart, van or wagon, and in chains.

(2)        Water, feed and groom a horse correctly.

(3)        Strip, clean and assemble either a saddle and bridle, or harness and bridle.

(4)        Know the points of a horse, and be able to detect common ailments and lameness.

Note.-If taken as a qualifying badge for King's Scout, the Scout must have a horse at his disposal.

*Interpreter

470.      Carry on a conversation, write a simple letter on a subject given by the Examiner, read and translate at sight a passage from a book or newspaper, in either Esperanto or any language that is not that of his own country.

Note.-An additional badge is worn by an Interpreter on the right breast pocket or in a similar position on jersey, showing the language or languages spoken.

Journalist

471.      (1)        Have served on the editorial staff of a professional paper or Scout magazine, for at least six months.

(2)        Produce a report written by himself of Troop activities; and of one of the following:--

News incident, lecture or address; bazaar, open-air féte, garden party or rally.

(3)        Produce a cutting of a published article or report written by himself.

(4)        Understand what is meant by "make-up" and produce a dummy for the printer representing one issue of an eight-page magazine, circular, catalogue, or report.

(5)        Understand the point system of types and know the names of six common type faces

(6)        Understand the printer's correction signs.

Leather Worker

472.      (1)        Either sole and heel a pair of boots or shoes, either sewn or nailed, and generally repair boots and shoes.

(2)        Or dress a saddle, repair traces, stirrup leathers, etc., and know the various parts of harness: and in either case have a knowledge of the different kinds of leather used.

(3)        Or, in decorative work:--

Know the various kinds of leathers used.

Have a knowledge of the tools required and how to use them.

Know how to use and mix the various stains.

Produce an article made by himself, such as handbag, wallet, or purse, on which must be a design modeled and stained.

Marksman

473.      (1) (a)    Produce two targets fired by himself within the previous four weeks for any one of the alternative tests, either concurrently or preferably on different dates, showing that on both occasions he has obtained not less than the minimum score indicated.  The targets must be certified by his instructor.

(b)        In the presence of the examiner the candidate must adjust the sights for himself, the sights previously having been altered off the centre of the bull's eye, and after firing not more than 5 sighting shots, obtain not less than the minimum score indicated.

            Edge of shot hole nearest to centre of target to decide value of each hit.

            Small Bore Rifle (.22 inch).  Any single loading type, any sights except telescopic; position prone; sling may be used.  Ten shots at any of the following ranges:

                        Air Rifle (.177 inch.)  Any single loading type; position standing or prone; sling may be used.  Ten shots at the following range:

Note.-When using air rifles, care must be taken to fix the targets so that the pellets do not rebound to the danger of the firer's eyes.

(2)        Know the usual safety-first rules for rifle shooting and have a knowledge of the parts of the rifle he uses and its care and cleaning.

(3)        Understand what forces act on the bullet from the time the trigger is pressed until it reaches the target.

Note to Examiner.-The candidate must adjust his sights himself , the sights previously having been altered off the centre of the bull's eye.  After adjusting his sights, the candidate should be allowed not more than ten sighting shots.

Mason

474.      (1)        Lay at least four course of a straight wall with a corner, in addition to the foundation and damp course.

(2)        Make mortar and understand the use of a plumb line and trowel.

Master at Arms

475.      Attain proficiency in two of the following subjects:--

Single-stick, quarter-staff, fencing, boxing, ju-jitsu, gymnastics, and wrestling.

Metal Worker

476.      (1)        Execute some work in beaten brass, copper or sheet iron.

(2)        Describe the tools necessary and show how they should be used.

(3)        Explain the compositions and properties of solders and fluxes.

(4)        Make and solder a tin box to measure, with a lid to fit.

Miner

477.      Have a general knowledge of one particular branch of the mining industry, such as coal, iron, or other mineral, with the special dangers involved, and safeguards against them.

Missioner

478.      Have a general knowledge of and be able to demonstrate:--

(1)        How to choose, prepare and ventilate a sick room.

(2)        How to wash, give medicine to and take a patient's temperature, pulse and respiration.

(3)        How to prepare invalid food, fomentations, make beds and prevent bed sores.

(4)        How to apply a roller bandage to hand, knee and foot and know the materials used for dressings.

Motor Mechanic

479.      Demonstrate his ability to:--

(1)        Oil and grease chassis points, attend to oil level and gear box and back axle, and top up battery.

(2)        Adjust brakes.

(3)        Dismantle, clean, re-assemble and adjust carburetor.

(4)        Remove and replace inner tube and tyre cover and mend puncture.

(5)        Check ignition timing, clean and test sparking plugs.

(6)        File a nut to fit a size lower spanner.

Musician

480.      (1)        Answer questions on the meaning of the ordinary musical signs denoting pitch, length of notes, and time signatures in either staff or tonic sol-fa notation.

(2)        Read at sight a short test in the key of C, G, or F, in simple time, either singing or playing on an instrument.

Note.-Tests will be supplied to music Examiners on application to I.H.Q. through the Secretary of the L.A. , and must be used.

(3)        Either, play a piece upon any recognised solo instrument and have reached the standard of the Lower Division in the Associated Board " School " Examination tests.  The Examiner is to be informed of, and to approve, the instrument on which the piece is to be played.

Note.-As the purpose of the badge is to encourage the taking up of an instrument as a hobby, too high a standard should not be set.

Play effectively without music one of the following pieces: "God Save the King", "Rule Britannia", "God Bless the Prince of Wales", "March of the Men of Harlech."  A hymn tune or an original accompaniment to any of the songs appearing in one of the leaflets "Songs for Scouts"

Or sing two songs, one of the Scout's own choice, selected from the leaflets, "Songs for Scouts", issued by I.H.Q., and one from the following list:-- "

"Hark, hark, the Lark"     ..          ..          Schubert

"Who is Sylvia"  ..          ..          ..          Schubert

*"Land to the Leeward Ho!"         ..          Parry

"Where the Bee Sucks"  ..          ..          Arne

"Nymphs and Shepherds"           ..          ..          Purcell

"Cherry Ripe"     ..          ..          ..          Horn

*"Bobby Shafto" ..          ..          ..          Traditional

*"Dashing away with the Smoothing

Iron"      ..          ..          ..          ..          Somerset Folk Song

*"Sir Eglamore"  ..          ..          ..          Traditional

*"I Saw Three Ships"      ..          ..          Traditional

*"Good Morrow Gossip Joan"      ..          Old English

*Heave away, my Johnny"           ..          ..          Shanty ( Somerset )

All these available from Messrs. Novello's, 160, Wardour Street , W.1.        Those marked * are included in the leaflets sold at I;H.Q.

Naturalist

481.      (1)        Explain in his own words and from his own observations: The fertilisation and development of a wild flower and one of the following: the development of the frog, toad or newt; the life history of an insect, spider or fish; the development, habits, songs or call-notes of six birds; the habits of four wild mammals; the habits of some of the creatures of the pond.

(2)        Either keep a nature diary of two of the seasons-spring, summer, autumn and winter-giving records with dates and places of not less than 10 birds, 10 plants, 10 trees, and 10 butterflies or moths and of a short account of other animals which have been seen; and illustrate the records with pencil sketches, carbon impressions of leaves, or pressed specimens.

Or         In towns one of the alternatives may be selected in place of the nature diary.  The D.C. shall decide whether the area may be considered a town for the purpose of this badge.

                        Make a collection of 30 different species of wild flowers, ferns and grasses, dried and mounted, giving names, places and dates, and recognise them as well as give a short description of 10 of the specimens.

                        Make a collection of photographic or carbon impressions or sketches of 20 trees, giving names, places and dates, and recognise them and give a description of the appearance of 10 of the trees from which they came.

                        Make 10 sketches of animals or birds from life, and give the life history of five of them.

                        Name 60 different kinds of mammals, birds, reptiles, fishes, or insects in a Museum or Zoological Gardens, r from unnamed coloured plates, and give particulars of the lives, habits, appearance and markings of 20 of them.

Oarsman

482.      (1)        Manage a boat single-handed, row and scull, and punt (in rivers) or scull over the stern or paddle a canoe.

(2)        Steer a boat under oars and bring her alongside a vessel and landing- stage.

(3)        Tow and be towed, and secure a boat to a buoy or alongside a wharf.

(4)        Anchor a boat and make the simple bends and hitches, knots and splices (not wire) required for boat work, and be able to throw a line.

Pathfinder

483.      (1)        Have an intimate personal knowledge, as a result of his own exploring and investigation, of the locality round his Headquarters or his home, especially in regard to public buildings, the provision of public services, in regard to fire, transport, communications, etc., and the residences of doctors, responsible public officials and (in country only) well known people, rights of way, footpaths, playing fields and other public property.

Note.-The area over which the above intimate knowledge will be required is a two-mile radius from the Group Headquarters or home in country or towns up to 20,000 inhabitants; one mile in towns between 20,000 and 100,000; half a mile in towns over 100,000.  The D.C. may at his discretion vary the area to exclude undesirable neighborhoods, parks or other open spaces, and include an equivalent area.

(2)        Have a general knowledge of the district so as to be able to guide strangers by day or night within a five-mile radius, and give them general directions how to get to the principle suburbs, districts or towns within a 25 mile radius.

Or,        alternatively in London are:

            Have a sound general knowledge of what parts of the country are served by the main line railways and how to reach the principle London termini and motor-coach stations, and 12 important places(The Tower, Zoo, etc.) by train from his Headquarters or home.

(3)        Have some knowledge of the history of the place and any buildings of historical interest.

Photographer

484.      (1)        Take, develop and print 12 separate subjects, three interiors, three portraits, three landscapes and three instantaneous photographs.

(2)        Have a knowledge of the theory and use of lenses, the construction of cameras and the action of developers.

Pilot

485.      (1)        Posses the Boatman's Badge.

(2)        Be able to read a chart, particularly that one if available which covers the area round his own Group Headquarters.  Have an elementary knowledge of the boating waters including rivers and canals which lie within a radius of 20miles from his Headquarters, and a detailed knowledge of the waters within a radius of 10miles from it.

(3)        Know the different types of buoys, beacons, landmarks, lighthouses and light vessels used round the coast of the British Isles .

(4)        Know how to heave the lead.

(5)        Know the danger and storm signals, and the lights carried by all classes of vessels,

(6)        Be able to box the compass.

Pioneer

486.      (1)        Show extra efficiency in the following: fell a nine-inch tree, or scaffolding pole of not less than 5-inch diameter, neatly and quickly.

(2)        Tie the following knots and understand their uses thoroughly, in addition to the Tenderfoot and Second Class knots: bowline on a bight, catspaw, double sheet bend, man-harness knot, marline or lever hitch, draw or highwayman's hitch, fisherman's bend or hitch.

(3)        Use the following lashings in the proper way: shear or round, figure of eight; and be able to lash a block to a spar.

(4)        Build a model bridge or derrick.

(5)        Make a camp kitchen, or a raft that will carry himself.

(6)        Build a camp shelter or hut of one kind or another suitable for three occupants.

Piper

487.      Play a march, strathspey, and reel, or their equivalents in the locality concerned.

Plumber

488.      (1)        Make a blown joint in compo or lead pipe.

(2)        Solder a copper ball, repair leaky cocks and taps, and hammer up a burst pipe.

(3)        Understand the ordinary hot and cold water system of a house and how to thaw out a frozen pipe and how to protect pipes from frost.

Poultry Farmer

489.      (1)        Have a practical knowledge of natural and artificial hatching, sanitary fowl-houses and coops and runs; also of rearing, feeding, killing, and dressing birds for market.

(2)        Pack birds and eggs for market.

Printer

490.      (1)        Set up by himself a handbill or page of type.

(2)        Understand the point system of types, and know the names of six common type faces.

(3)        Understand the printer's correction signs and know the names of different paper sizes and their measurements.

Prospector

491.      (1)        Have a general knowledge of the various periods of the formation of the Earth's crust, and which are water-bearing rocks.

(2)        Understand stratification, dip and faults.

(3)        Identify two of the following: 20 minerals, 20 rocks, 20 fossils.

Public Health Man

492.      (1)        Know the modes of transmission of the following diseases: Scarlett fever, diphtheria, tuberculosis, measles, mumps, whooping cough, chicken-pox, typhoid fever, dysentery, summer diarrhœa, smallpox, malaria, ringworm, scabies; the measures adopted by sanitary authorities to prevent their spread, and the steps which should be taken by private individuals in cases of infection.

Note.-Bacteriological and medical details are not required.

(2)        Know how the importation of diseases from abroad is guarded against, with special reference to immigrants and animals such as rats and dogs.

(3)        Describe one or more methods of disinfecting a house and a room and its contents, including bedding, after infectious diseases, and also of eradicating the commoner insect pests, such as bugs and flies, from infested houses and camps.

(4)        Describe the necessity, and the mode employed in his own locality, of collecting, removing and destroying house refuse and rubbish; also the main principles of camp sanitation and cleanliness, pointing ou those things which make for unhealthy camping.

(5)        Have an elementary knowledge of the laws (general and local) governing dairies, dairy farms, slaughter houses and butcher's shops; the adulteration of the more common foods, and the use of preservatives in them.

(6)        At the age of 16, a knowledge of the dangers of the tow venereal diseases.

Rabbit Keeper

493.      (1)        Must have kept and reared rabbits for at least one year.

(2)        Distinguish and explain the best breeds for fur and flesh production

(3)        Know up to date marketing requirements in flesh and fur.

(4)        Be able to kill and skin a rabbit and dress it in current style for market.

(5)        Be able to recognise six non-cultivated rabbit food plants.

(6)        Be able to discuss intelligently values of various grain and other foods for rabbits.

(7)        Be able to explain the symptoms of the elementary rabbit diseases.

(8)        Have a working knowledge of requirements for housing rabbits in good health, etc.

(9)        Be able to construct a simple but useful hutch.

Reader

494.      (1)        Have read 18 books in the previous 12 months and supply a list of the books, giving title and author to the Examiner, who will, by viva voce examination, assure himself that the books submitted have been read with understanding.

(2)        Show a knowledge of how books should be cared for.

Note.-The Examiner will bear in mind the objects aimed at by the badge: firstly, to encourage the mere habit of reading: secondly, the reading of books by good authors, or books on subjects of special value or interest to the individual Scout.

Rescuer

495.      (1)        Perform in the water four methods of rescue, and three of release from the clutch, of a drowning person.  The drowning subject, about the size of the rescuer, in each of the rescue methods to be carried at least 10 yards.

(2)        Dive from the surface to the depth of at least five feet and bring up a stone, brick or iron weighted object of not less than five pounds.

(3)        Demonstrate the Schäfer method of resuscitation, and the promotion of warmth and circulation.

(4)        Swim 50 yards attired in shirt and trousers, and undress before touching ground.

(5)        Throw a life-line to within one yard of a small object 15 yards away three times out of four.

(A would-be rescuer should undress as far as possible  before going into the water.)

Rigger

496.      (1)        Know the different kinds of canvas, use a palm and needle, make a cringle, sew a round and flat seam, herringbone and make small repairs to sails.

(2)        Splice hemp and wire and make fenders, mats, and lead and log lines.

(3)        Know the different stresses and strains of hemp and wire rope, the use of a jack, and spin yarn and make two kinds of sennit.

Sea Fisherman

497.      (1)        Have a practical knowledge of the various methods of catching sea fish for market by means of trawls, nets and lines, and of catching shell-fish, and practical experience of at least two of these methods.

(2)        Be able to describe the use of a seine or trammel or trawl net and their construction, and make small repairs in a net.

(3)        Know the usual storm and distress signals.

(4)        Know the correct name for the usual fish caught in the locality.

*Signaller

498.      (1)        Send and receive by flag in Semaphore at rate 7 (35 letters a minute) and in Morse at rate 5 (25 letters a minute).

(2)        Send and receive at rate 6 (30 letters a minute) by lamp, heliograph or disc.

(3)        Send and receive at rate 5 (25 letters a minute) by lamp, heliograph or disc.

Note.-90 percent accuracy must be obtained in all the above tests (1), (2), and (3).

(4)        Have a good knowledge of the simple procedure outlined in the official Scout Manual of Signalling.

(5)        Have a good knowledge of the various signs and signals given in "Scouting for Boys."

Stalker

499.      (1)        Demonstrate his ability to stalk. Making use of all available cover, quietly and inconspicuously, and understand the value and use of cover, camouflage, wind, shadows and background by day and night.

(2)        Give proof of having stalked and studied at least six wild birds or animals in their natural state in the open, by producing photographs or sketches which he himself has taken, and by describing the results of his observations.

Starman

500.      (1)        Have a general knowledge of the apparent movements of the stars and point out and name eight principle constellations, of which six are other than circum-polar.

(2)        Find the north by means of stars other than the Pole Star, in case of that star being obscured, and have a fair knowledge of how to tell the time and points of the compass by the sun and stars.

(3)        Have a general knowledge of the relative positions and movements of the earth and moon, and of planets and eclipses.

Surveyor

501.      Map correctly from the country itself:--

(1)        By triangulation an area not less than 10 acres in extent, at a scale not less than 12 inches to one mile, and

(2)        By compass and field-book a road map of not less than one mile of road showing all main features and objects within a reasonable distance on either side to a scale of not less than 12 inches to a mile-field book must be produced for inspection.

(3)        Be able to enlarge or reduce any portion of a map which the examiner may determine to such scale as he may prescribe.

Swimmer

502.      (1)        Swim 50 yards with clothes on (shirt, trousers and socks as a minimum) and undress in the water.

(2)        Swim (without clothes) 100 yards on the breast and 50 yards on the back with the hands either clasped or the arms folded in front of the body.

(3)        Dive and pick up small objects from the bottom.

Tailor

503.      (1)        Cut out and sew, either by hand or machine, a Scout's shirt and shorts, or equivalent garments, to fit himself.

(2)        Insert a patch, and darn a small hole, in a neat workmanlike manner, in either of the same two, or other suitable arguments.

Tracker

504.      (1)        In Kim's Game remember 25 out of 30 well-assorted articles after one minute's observation, three times running; each article being correctly described.

(2)        By smell alone recognise 8 out of 10 assorted liquids or solids in common use.

(3)        By hearing alone recognise 8 out of 10 different sounds.

(4)        By touch alone recognise 12 out of 15 assorted articles (including such things as dry tea-leaves, flour, sugar.)

(5)        Recognise and explain 2 different characteristics in each of 5 different types of animal tracks.

(6)        Solve, within 25 per cent error, 3 simple tracking stories set in sand, snow or other suitable natural media.

(7)        Produce 6 casts of animal or bird tracks, all casts being taken unaided by himself, 2 at least of the casts to be those of wild animals.

(8)        Follow a simple nature trail of at least 1 mile in length, containing at least 40 signs, of which at least 35 must be noted and described verbally or in writing when the trail is completed.

Weatherman

505.      (1)        Keep from his own personal observations a daily record of the weather for two months, using the Beaufort letters and symbols.

(2)        Read a barometer and thermometers, and record rainfall.

(3)        Know the different variety of cloud formations and what they portend and make a reasonably accurate forecast both from the daily weather report and from personal observations.

(4)        Understand Buys-Ballot's Law, and read the maps in the daily weather report of the Meteorological Office.

(5)        Know the meaning of gale warnings, and (if living on the coast) where and during what hours they are displayed.

(6)        Know for his own district the wettest month and the wettest day on record, the extremes of temperature, and the prevailing winds.

Wirelessman

506.      (1)        Have an elementary knowledge of how a thermionic valve works as-

(a)        H.F. Amplifier.

(b)        Detector.

(c)        L.F. Amplifier

In a wireless set, and also how a "Westector" works

(2)        Know the functions of condenser, resistance, inductance, reaction and mains rectifier, transformer.

(3)        Know how to cure hum OR how to build a cheap mains eliminator.

(4)        Know how to locate and cure a simple fault in a wireless set.

(5)        Show a working knowledge of moving coil loud-speakers, both permanent magnet and mains energised  types.

(6)        Draw a simple diagram showing the way to connect up a stage of "resistance coupled" L.F. amplification, and another to illustrate the connections of a "L.F. transformer," and show a knowledge of the principles involved.

(7)        Read a technical diagram and interpret all the symbols ordinarily employed.

(8)        Have assembled a simple wireless receiver which works satisfactorily and know all the distress signals.

(9)        Know the methods of charging ans looking after accumulators.

World Friendship

507.      (1)        Have an elementary general knowledge of the geography and history of at least three foreign countries and of the British Empire as a whole.

(2)        During the previous 12 months have either corresponded regularly with an overseas or foreign Scouts either in Great Britain or overseas, and in either case have a general knowledge of the geography, customs and characteristics of the country concerned, and the communications withit.

(3)        Have some knowledge of the Boy Scout International Organisation, the World Girl Guide and Girl Scout Organisation.

(4)        Have some knowledge of the League of Nations and the way it works.

ROVERS

Badges authorised

508.      (1)        There are two proficiency badges for Rovers-Rover Instructor and Rambler's.

(2)        Rovers may not wear proficiency badges gained as Scouts or Cubs.

(3)        Rovers who are interpreters may wear an emblem (similar to those worn by Scouts under the note to Rule 470) on the right breast pocket, or in a similar position on a jersey, showing the language or languages spoken.

Method of Wear

509.      The Rover Instructor Badge is worn on the right breast above the line of the pocket; the Rambler's badge on the left shoulder strap.

Rover Instructor Badge

510.      Show a knowledge of, and ability to instruct in, the subjects of the First Class badge, or one of the Scout proficiency badges qualifying for the King's Scout badge or the Bushman's Thong, or any two other proficiency badges, or of the First and Second Star badges for Cubs and two Cub special proficiency badges, and two Cub special proficiency badges, and must produce a certificate from a S.M. or C.M. that he has instructed Scouts or Cubs satisfactorily for a period of three months.

A high standard of instructional ability is required in each case.

Rambler's Badge

511.      Walk, or walk and make passages in a kayak or boat (sailing or rowing) an aggregate of 100 miles (or go an aggregate of 400 miles by pedal bicycle) outside towns, during week-end or holiday hikes; must keep a log of his journeys to be handed in on completing the total of 100 (or 400) miles; this log should give dates, places and distances, and should preferably give information that would be of use to other hikers, such as places of interest to be visited en route, good camping places, inns, hints for finding the way at difficult points, together with passage notes of the boat journeys with tidal or other useful information and plans of harbours, inland waterways, etc.; sketch maps and nature notes should be included.

SCOUTERS.

512.      Scouters may not wear Scout proficiency badges, but those who are Interpreters may wear an emblem (similar to those worn by Scouts under note to Rule 470) on the right breast pocket, or in a similar position on a jersey, showing the language or languages spoken.

OLD SCOUTS.

513.      An Old Scout may wear:--

(1)        The Rambler's Badge previously gained as a Rover.

(2)        The Rover Instructor badge previously gained as a Rover, so long as he continues to instruct Scouts or Cubs.

(3)        Interpreter emblems, if qualified, as in Rule 508.